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Iphinde yashicilelwa: kwiziko le-Biodegradable Materials

I-Institute of Biodegradable Materials yabika ukuba kutshanje, umonakalo we-microplastics ngokuthe ngcembe uhlawulelwe ingqalelo, kwaye izifundo ezinxulumene nazo ziye zavela enye emva kwenye, eziye zafunyanwa kwigazi lomntu, inkunkuma kunye nobunzulu bolwandle.Nangona kunjalo, kuphononongo lwakutsha nje olugqitywe yiHull York Medical College eUnited Kingdom, abaphandi baye bafumana i-microplastics kwindawo enzulu yemiphunga yabantu abaphilayo okokuqala ngqa.

Uphononongo, olupapashwe kwijenali yeSayensi yeNdalo Jikelele, luphononongo lokuqala elomeleleyo lokuchonga iiplastiki kwimiphunga yabantu abaphilayo.

"I-Microplastics ifunyenwe kwiisampuli ze-autopsy yabantu ngaphambili - kodwa lo ngowokuqala uphando oluqinileyo olubonisa i-microplastics kwimiphunga yabantu abaphilayo," kusho uDkt Laura Sadofsky, uMhlohli oMkhulu kwi-Respiratory Medicine kunye nombhali okhokelayo wephepha., “Iindlela zomoya emiphungeni zicuthene kakhulu, ngoko akukho mntu wayecinga ukuba angafika apho, kodwa ngokucacileyo ayenjalo.

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Ihlabathi livelisa malunga ne-300 yezigidi zeetoni zeplastiki ngonyaka, malunga ne-80% yazo iphelela kwiindawo zokulahla inkunkuma nakwezinye iindawo zokusingqongileyo.I-Microplastics inobubanzi ukusuka kwii-nanometers ezili-10 (ezincinane kuneliso lomntu ezinokubonwa) ukuya kwiimilimitha ezi-5, malunga nobukhulu bento yokucima ekupheleni kwepensile.Amasuntswana amancinane angadada emoyeni, kwitephu okanye emanzini asebhotileni, naselwandle okanye emhlabeni.

Ezinye iziphumo zophando lwangaphambili kwi-microplastics:

Uphononongo luka-2018 lwafumanisa iplastiki kwiisampulu zesitulo emva kokuba izifundo zondliwe ukutya okuqhelekileyo zisongelwe ngeplastiki.

Iphepha lika-2020 livavanye izicubu zemiphunga, isibindi, udakada kunye nezintso kwaye lafumana iplastiki kuzo zonke iisampulu ezifundiweyo.

Uphando olupapashwe ngo-Matshi lufumene amaqhekeza eplastiki egazini lomntu okokuqala.

Uphononongo olutsha olusandul 'ukuqhutywa ngabafundi kwiYunivesithi yezoNyango yaseVienna lubonise ukuba ukusela amanzi asebhotileni yeplastiki unyaka wonke kunokubangela ukuba kuthathwe iincinci ze-100,000 ze-microplastic kunye ne-nanoplastic (MNP) ngomntu ngamnye ngonyaka.

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Uphononongo lwangoku, nangona kunjalo, lufuna ukwakha kumsebenzi wangaphambili ngokufumana i-microplastics kwizicubu zemiphunga ngokuvuna izicubu ngexesha lotyando kwizigulana eziphilayo.

Uhlalutyo lubonise ukuba i-11 yeesampuli ze-13 ezifundwe ziqulethe i-microplastics kwaye yafumanisa iindidi ze-12 ezahlukeneyo.Ezi microplastics ziquka i-polyethylene, i-nylon kunye ne-resins eziqhelekileyo ezifumaneka kwiibhotile, ukupakisha, iimpahla kunye nelinen.intambo kunye nezinye iinkqubo zokuvelisa.

Iisampulu zamadoda zazinamanqanaba aphezulu kakhulu e-microplastics kuneesampuli zabasetyhini.Kodwa eyona nto yamangalisa izazinzulu kulapho ezi plastiki zivela khona, ngaphezu kwesiqingatha se-microplastics efunyenwe kwiindawo ezisezantsi zemiphunga.

"Asizange silindele ukufumana amanani aphezulu eencinci ze-microplastic kwiindawo ezinzulu zemiphunga, okanye ukufumana amaqhekeza alo bukhulu," kusho uSadofsky.Kwakucingelwa ukuba amasuntswana ale sayizi anokuhluzwa okanye avaleleke ngaphambi kokuba abe nzulu kangako.”

Iingcali zenzululwazi zithatha iincinci zeplastiki ezihamba emoyeni ukusuka kwi-nanometer ye-1 ukuya kwi-microns ze-20 ukuba zikwazi ukuphefumla, kwaye olu pho nonongo lunika ubungqina obuninzi bokuthi ukuphefumla kubanika indlela ethe ngqo emzimbeni.Njengokufunyaniswa kwamva nje okufanayo kwintsimi, iphakamisa umbuzo obaluleke kakhulu: Ziziphi iimpembelelo kwimpilo yabantu?

Iimvavanyo zezazinzulu kwilebhu zibonise ukuba i-microplastics inokwahlula kwaye itshintshe imilo kwiiseli zemiphunga yomntu, kunye neziphumo eziyityhefu ngokubanzi kwiiseli.Kodwa oku kuqonda kutsha kuya kunceda ukukhokela uphando olunzulu kwiziphumo zalo.

"I-Microplastics ifunyenwe kwiisampuli ze-autopsy yabantu ngaphambili - olu luphononongo lokuqala oluqinileyo olubonisa ukuba kukho i-microplastics kwimiphunga yabantu abaphilayo," kusho uSadofsky.“Ikwabonisa nokuba bakwindawo esezantsi yemiphunga.Iindlela zomoya zemiphunga zimxinwa kakhulu, ngoko ke akukho mntu wayecinga ukuba angafika apho, kodwa sele efikile apho.Ukubonakaliswa kweentlobo kunye namanqanaba e-microplastics esiyifumeneyo ngoku inokwazisa iimeko zehlabathi zokwenyani zovavanyo lokuvezwa elabhoratri ngenjongo yokumisela iziphumo zempilo. "

“Bubungqina bokuba sineplastiki emizimbeni yethu – akufuneki ukuba sibe nayo,” uDick Vethaak, isazi ngendalo esiphila kuyo eVrije Universiteit Amsterdam, uxelele i-AFP.

Ukongeza, uphononongo luphawule "inkxalabo eyongeziweyo" malunga nobungozi obunokwenzeka bokungena kunye nokuphefumla ii-microplastics.